: In areas where abortion is highly restricted or "unsafe," measuring abortion-related mortality is difficult due to poor data quality and reporting biases [5, 36].

In the context of public health and legal reporting, "validity" refers to the accuracy and reliability of data collected through surveillance systems. A report regarding abortion data validity involves assessing how well current reporting requirements reflect the true incidence, safety, and outcomes of procedures.

: Mandated in several jurisdictions to track adverse events, though criteria for what constitutes a "complication" can vary [23].

: The overturning of Roe v. Wade has led to concerns that state reporting requirements could be used for surveillance or criminalization, potentially affecting the willingness of providers or patients to report accurately [13].

: Includes patient demographics (age, race, residency), gestational age, and the method used [7, 26].

: The vast majority ( 92.8% ) of procedures were performed at ≤13 weeks' gestation [2].

: There is a lack of consensus on the most appropriate indicators, with a scoping review identifying over 790 different indicators used across various studies, suggesting a critical need for standardization [16]. Key Reporting Requirements & Standards