: Research suggests that Bradley’s spleenwort has actually "formed" multiple times in different locations from independent hybridization events between its parent species. Habitat and Distribution
: Initially, the hybrid was sterile, but through a rare natural process of chromosome doubling, it became a fertile, independent species. bradley's spleenwort
: The lower half of the stalk is a distinct shiny, reddish-brown or blackish color, while the upper half (the rachis) transitions to green. : Research suggests that Bradley’s spleenwort has actually
: Major threats include habitat destruction from quarrying and mining, mechanical disturbance from rock climbing, and overshading caused by invasive vines or tree growth. : Major threats include habitat destruction from quarrying
: It is listed as endangered in states like Illinois , Indiana, and Pennsylvania, and threatened in Ohio .
: It is found from New Jersey and Pennsylvania south to Georgia and Alabama, and west into the Ozarks of Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.