: He famously discarded any belief that could be doubted, including the reliability of the senses.
: His ultimate conclusion—"I think, therefore I am"—established the thinking self as the only undeniable truth. Cartesius
: He argued that the mind (immaterial) and body (physical) are two distinct substances that interact, a concept known as Cartesian Dualism. 📐 Mathematical Innovation : He famously discarded any belief that could