: The Zar viewed Moscow as the "Third Rome" (following Rome and Constantinople), believing that no fourth would ever exist.
The story of (Never Invade Russia) is a recurring theme in the lectures of historian Alessandro Barbero , most notably captured in his full 2022 talk and his 2017 appearance at the Salone del Libro in Torino . Barbero presents this as one of the few "laws" of history, humorously suggesting that while history doesn't always repeat itself, it does offer a collection of cautionary examples—with the ruinous attempt to conquer the Russian heartland being the most prominent. The Clash of Two "Romes" Mai INVADERE la RUSSIA - Alessandro Barbero [Co...
: Napoleon saw himself as the successor to the Holy Roman Emperors and aimed to make Paris the "Fourth Rome". : The Zar viewed Moscow as the "Third
: Barbero notes the irony that while Italy invaded Russia three times, Russian troops have only entered Italian soil once (in 1799 to fight the French), and they left voluntarily shortly after. The Clash of Two "Romes" : Napoleon saw